IMPROVING PERINATAL MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

 Nwachukwu, Ijeoma

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 Prof. NOREEN Agbapuonwu

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 Dr. O. Altride

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 Olisa, Maria Ngozi

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 Okere, Chigozie Christiana

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Department of Midwifery and Child Health

Nursing, Africa Center for Excellence Public

Health and Toxicological Research,

University of Port Harcourt,

Rivers State, Nigeria

 Dr. Anele, Ezebunwo

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ORCID ID: https:/orcid.org/0009-0005-0416-3709

Department of Educational Psychology

University of Calabar

 Abstract

Introduction: Perinatal mental health disorders significantly affect maternal and child well-being, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, where prevalence rates are high. These disorders, which include depression and anxiety during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum, have substantial socio-cultural and healthcare implications, requiring context-specific interventions to address them effectively. Methodology: This was a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024 were sourced from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and qualitative research focusing on interventions for pregnant and postpartum women in Nigeria. Data were synthesized, and a meta-analysis was performed where appropriate to estimate pooled intervention effects, with heterogeneity assessed across study designs. Results: Community-based interventions, including psychoeducation, peer support groups, and the involvement of community health workers, were most effective in reducing perinatal depression and anxiety symptoms. Psychological interventions reduced the risk of perinatal depression by 30%. Key factors influencing intervention success included cultural acceptability, accessibility, and integration into existing maternal healthcare services. However, heterogeneity among studies limited comparability. Conclusion: Culturally tailored, community-based interventions integrated into routine maternal healthcare improve perinatal mental health outcomes in Nigeria. Training healthcare providers, promoting community engagement, and advocating for supportive policies are recommended to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of mental health services for pregnant and postpartum women. DOWNLOAD PDF